黄河中上游能源化工区产业结构的演进特征及机理

采用产业经济学、计量经济学、统计学和GIS中的相关方法和技术,定量评价黄河中上游能源化工区产业结构演进的特征。刻画黄河中上游产业结构演进的总体特征,运用偏离—份额分析法分析三次产业及其内部结构演进的数量特征,利用产业相似系数等产业结构指标计算分析制造业内部结构的动态演进特征,并结合区位商和产业比重探究区域经济快速发展的内在机制。最后,归纳出黄河中上游能源化工区产业结构演进的主要驱动力是资源禀赋优势、市场需求拉动和政府政策引导,并针对性地提出"优化第二产业结构,保证第一产业发展,重点扶持第三产业"的对策。     

绿色轨迹——北美都市区开放空间保护评述与启示

阐述了都市区尺度下开放空间保护目标的多元化趋势及生态保护、休憩娱乐、游憩走廊、社区复兴,以及城市绿色基础设施等五个最为突出的目标,并强调开放空间形态的连续性是以上多元目标与价值得以实现的至关重要的因素。选取北美十大都市区开放空间规划的典型案例,在对比剖析其连续开放空间保护发展轨迹及影响因素的基础上,指出目标冲突不可完全避免,休憩娱乐、游憩走廊与社区复兴必须建立在生态保护的基础之上,绿色基础设施则是目标整合的思维方式;总结北美绿色轨迹的特征,最后从我国开放空间保护的现实出发,提出整合现有开放空间、将开放空间规划与城市增长管理有机结合及"病毒"式扩散策略等建议。     

水资源刚性约束下黄河流域高质量发展研究进展

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展是重要的国家战略,水资源的刚性约束关系高质量发展成败。通过梳理黄河流域高质量发展的相关研究文献,从概念体系研究、水资源承载力研究、资源约束下的经济增长研究等3个范式切入,分析现有黄河流域高质量发展研究进展与不足。结果显示,现有研究集中高质量发展概念体系构建、水资源承载力与经济增长耦合、资源约束下的经济增长等议题,但尚未有研究阐明水资源刚性约束下高质量发展的机制。在阐释了水资源最大刚性约束作用机制的基础上,提出水资源约束高质量发展、高质量发展提升水资源承载力、统筹安全和发展的水资源约束机制,认为应建立起水资源刚性约束下的自然环境资源和社会经济增长的动态联系,并对可能的研究提出展望。     

R&D Activities In a Peripheral Region: an Empirical Study with Special Reference to the North East Region of the UK

This study examines the incidence of research and development (R&D) activities, type of R&D undertaken and the incidence of R&D co-operation among manufacturing firms located in a key urban area of the North East England, a peripheral region of the UK. We have found that over 62% of manufacturing firms in this urban growth area to be R&D active, suggesting that R&D active firms tend to be concentrated in urban area s in a peripheral region, as it is the case in the leading regions. However, the incidence of R&D co-operation was found to be relatively low among R&D active firms. It is also found that the key determinants of undertaking R&D to be the existence of a core competence/product and exporting activities. These findings might be of interest to policy makers promoting economic growth via firm’s R&D activities.     

International income inequality, 2005–2011: what a difference 6 years can make

While much attention has recently been given to the rising inequality in high-income countries, particularly the US, inequality across countries has received less attention. Based on reports of the International Comparison Program, which provide the most accurate measures of PPP income at the country level, this study computes three highly recommended measures of intercountry income inequality for the years 2005 and 2011. A dramatic, and perhaps unprecedented, fall in intercountry inequality over the relatively short period of 6 years is noted. As a correlate of the fall in intercountry inequality, aggregate PPP GDP for six major high-income countries is compared with that for three large developing countries, and the dramatic increase over the 6-year period in the ratio of the total GDP of the three developing countries to that for the six high-income countries is noted, thus extending, from the most accurate data, the theme of the ‘rise of the South’ articulated in Human Development Report 2013.     

Apology and Ambiguity: Adolf Berle on Corporate Power

A sociocognitive foundation for transformative agency requires much deeper exploration to adequately understand the causal origins of human interests, preferences, and choices as they shape both the emergence of institutions and the process of institutional change. In the collegial spirit of rapprochement, reminiscent of earlier efforts at “bridge-building,” our central contention is that the new institutional economics of “late” Douglass C. North (2005) North, Douglass C. Understanding the Process of Economic Change. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar] provides such a sociocognitive approach, as well as an important ontological frame for dealing with embedded agency. This agency may afford original institutional economics a complementary meta-theoretical account of how institutions are formed and changed over time.     

黄河流域粮食虚拟水流动对水资源空间均衡性的影响

采用引力模型、彭曼公式测算黄河流域省区间粮食虚拟水流动量,基于环境、经济、社会维度,通过比较虚拟水流动存在与否情景下的基尼系数,分析黄河流域粮食虚拟水流动对水资源空间均衡性的影响。结果表明：在2018年黄河流域省区间粮食虚拟水流动中,山东、河南、陕西、内蒙古的粮食虚拟水、虚拟蓝水呈净流出;山西、甘肃、宁夏、青海的粮食虚拟水、虚拟蓝水则呈净流入;黄河流域省区间粮食虚拟水流动在环境、经济、社会维度下均一定程度上促进了水资源空间均衡,其中环境维度下的促进作用较为微弱。     

The Competitiveness of the Maritime Clusters in the Baltic Sea Region: Key Challenges from the Finnish Perspective

This article examines the Finnish maritime cluster by identifying the key challenges hindering its competitiveness. The main bottlenecks for the future are concluded to comprise rising cost levels in relation to customer demand, the need for human and capital resources, the need for financial and scientific support for innovation activities, and the lack of contacts and resources when competing for large-scale international projects. These issues are relevant also for the other maritime clusters in the Baltic Sea Region. Thus, joint policies and cooperation in tackling these issues could support the competitiveness of the maritime sector in the whole region.     

南海油气资源开发研究--基于石油安全的视角

石油是不可再生的重要能源资源,在经济和社会发展中具有不可替代的重要作用。随着我国经济的快速发展和世界油价的不断攀升,石油供需矛盾日益突出,石油安全面临着严峻挑战。在陆地油气资源日渐枯竭的背景下,开发海洋油气资源已成为人类的必然选择。在我国四大海区中南海不仅海域面积辽阔,而且油气资源蕴藏丰富,开发潜力巨大,开发南海资源,对保障我国能源安全和维护国家海洋权利具有重要的战略意义。加快南海开发步伐,不仅需要国家从战略层面制定中长期规划、加大开发力度,而且要提高自主创新能力,在深海勘探、生产和运输等关键技术领域实现突破;还要妥善处理好与周边国家的关系,在致力于最终解决南海争议的同时,探讨共同开发的有效机制。     

Off-shoring in the contact centre industry and employment in the North West of England

The significance of contact centre employment has recently been the subject of renewed debate in regional policy-making of late, driven by media comment on the threat of off-shoring. Despite these concerns, empirical research on the scale of such activities in regions is limited. This article reviews available data on contact centre employment in the sub-regions of North West England. The evidence appears to show continued growth in the number of contact centres and employment totals. The concluding section reconsiders the significance of contact centres for Regional Economic Strategies that focus on developing high value-added activities.